ABSTRACT
Introduction: Essential hypertension begins due to mutation of specific genes that contribute to the risk of developing hypertension. Genetic contribution was recognized 25 years ago, now formulated from time to time. Some studies have also proven that the hypertension in father had strong contribution in their individual than mother. The aim of the study is to compare the cardiovascular reactivity in male and female subjects with hypertensive and normotensive parents. Materials and methods: This comparative study was conducted in physiology department of Teerthanker Mahaveer medical college and research center, Moradabad. The research work was initiated after taken the ethical clearance from the ethical committee of the college. Three different stressors: cold pressor task, cycling and videogame were used. Total 120 subjects were taken for the study in which 77 were male and 43 were female. Result: Male subjects of normotensive parents had slightly higher HR rate (mean: 76.73/min) compared to the female subjects (mean: 75/min) with p value >0.05. Female subjects of hypertensive parents had higher HR rate (mean: 82.72/min) compared to the male subjects (mean: 73.95/min) with p value <0.001. Conclusion: Male subjects with normotensive parents had higher resting HR, SBP &DBP than Female subjects with normotensive parents, but the difference was significant only in SBP. Female subjects with hypertensive parents group was showing higher resting HR than male subjects with hypertensive parents group, remains higher after stress also with insignificant difference. Thus, subjects with hypertensive parents showing increased CVR to stress are more likely to develop future hypertension, and the risk is greater for male subjects.
ABSTRACT
Background: Cardiovascular reactivity (CVR) is defined as increase in heart rate (tachycardia) and blood pressure (hypertension) due to stress by the activation of sympathetic nervous system. Methods: Students of 18-25 years of age of various courses at Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College, Body Mass Index (BMI) > 18 kg/m2 and self-reported teetotallers was enrolled for the study. After recording the basal parameters, all subjects underwent various pressor stimuli and haemodynamic parameters were recorded accordingly. Results: All values dPulse was higher in female (0.87/min) than obese male (0.38/min), dSBP & dDBP was higher in Obese male (1.88mmHg &2.14mmHg) than obese female (1.16mmHg &1.09mmHg) with significant difference. HR showed insignificant difference by all stressors except just after 1min of Videogame. Blood pressure was higher in male subject’s after1min/5min of stress with significant difference after 1min.of CPT/cycling/videogame. This is due to progesterone and due to their large musculature body. Conclusion: Obese male individual showing lower resting pulse rate but higher SBP &DBP than obese female subjects.CVR to stress, result was remains same dPulse was higher in female & the blood pressure was higher in obese male group with insignificant difference except 1min after 1min of VG.